• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The general field of the invention is that of the head display systems comprising at least one display (110) and an optical guide (200) comprising a first image conductor (210) comprising a plurality of first semi-reflective blades ( 213), inclined relative to a first plane. The head display system according to the invention comprises: an oculometer (310, 320) capable of detecting the position of the eye pupil of an observer; at least one of said first blades (213) comprising a programmable reflectivity treatment, said reflectivity depending on the position and / or orientation of the eye pupil detected by the oculometer, so as to reflect the image from the display to said pupil and only to it. The display system may include a second image conductor (220) perpendicular to the first.
    公开号:FR3020880A1
    申请号:FR1401047
    申请日:2014-05-09
    公开日:2015-11-13
    发明作者:Johanna Dominici；Sebastien Ellero；Philippe Augereau
    申请人:Thales SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The field of the invention is that of head display systems comprising an optical guide used for transporting a collimated image from a micro-display. These optical guides or optical mixers can superimpose on the outdoor landscape this collimated image. The applications concern both the general public and the aeronautical field. A display system including such a guide includes a small imager, collimation optics, and the optical guide. The function of the optical guide is to bring the collimated image to the eye of the user by creating the minimum of visual disturbances and being the most discreet and the least bulky possible. In its basic version, it has a thin blade in which is inserted a semi-reflective blade. This blade has low or no optical power and provides only a very small disturbance on the vision of the outside. Generally, this blade is a blade with flat and parallel faces but other shapes are possible. Thus, the PCT application WO 2006/064301 entitled "System and method for beam expansion with a focus on a display device" describes a curved optical guide used for the propagation and transmission of images. The light beams from the display propagate by total reflection inside the optical guide, are reflected on the semi-reflective plate and out of the optical guide to the eye of the user. If the optical guide has only one semireflecting blade, the observer can see only a narrow portion of the image, the pupil of the system being far from the eye and being small in nature. To overcome this disadvantage in a given dimension, the semi-reflective plates are multiplied inside the optical guide. These semi-reflective blades are all perfectly parallel to each other.
    [0002] For some applications requiring large visual fields, it is necessary to further enlarge the pupillary area in both dimensions of the space. In this case, as illustrated in FIG. 1, which represents a perspective view of a guide giving such a pupil, the optical guide 10 is composed of two primary optical elements 20 and 30. The first element 20 is a first optical guide with faces. planes and parallels comprising a plurality of first semi-reflective blades 21 parallel to each other and making it possible to enlarge the pupil in a first given direction. The second element 30 is a second optical guide with flat and parallel faces comprising several second semireflecting blades 31 parallel to each other and making it possible to enlarge the pupil in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The two guides are joined by a common face 22 and form a single blade with flat and parallel faces. The path of the light rays from the imager to the eye Y of the observer in such a guide 10 is represented by the zig-zag arrow 40, the light being reflected on the walls of the first guide 20 and of the second guide 30 and on the semi-reflective plates 21 and 31. In such a guide, the reflection coefficients of the semireflecting strips 21 and 31 are necessarily small so that the light rays can pass through several semi-reflective plates without excessive attenuation. . Therefore, the collimated image at the output of the optical guide is necessarily very attenuated. In a number of applications and in particular for the aeronautical field, the optical system can operate in a large luminous environment and in this case, the contrast of the image is low, not allowing a good perception of the image. . It is possible to increase the luminance of the imager but other constraints appear such as the space requirement of the lighting, its electrical consumption, the problems of heat dissipation, etc. The head display system according to the invention does not present 30 not these disadvantages. It is based on the observation that most of the light energy transmitted by the light guide is lost. The principle of the invention is to adapt the coefficient of the semi-reflective blades that make up the optical guide so that the light is transmitted only where the eye of the observer is actually located. The light yields of the optical guide can thus be significantly increased.
    [0003] More specifically, the subject of the invention is a head display system comprising at least one display and an optical guide comprising a first image conductor comprising a plurality of first internal semireflecting blades, inclined with respect to a first plane, characterized in what the head display system comprises: an oculometer able to detect the position of the eye pupil of an observer; at least one of said first blades comprising a programmable reflectivity treatment, said reflectivity depending on the position and / or orientation of the eye pupil detected by the eye tracker, so as to reflect the image of the display to said pupil and only to it. Advantageously, the optical guide comprises a second image conductor comprising a plurality of second internal semi-reflecting blades, inclined relative to a second plane perpendicular to the first plane, at least one of said second blades comprising a programmable reflectivity processing, the said reflectivity dependent on the position and / or orientation of the eye pupil detected by the eye tracker, so as to reflect the image of the display to said pupil and only to it. Advantageously, the first semi-reflecting blades are flat and parallel to each other and / or the second semi-reflecting blades are flat and parallel to each other. Advantageously, each optical guide has the outer shape of a plane-parallel blade. Advantageously, in the absence of images transmitted by the imager, the reflectivity of the blades comprising a programmable reflectivity treatment depends on the luminance of the external landscape. Advantageously, the image provided by the display depends on the position and / or orientation information of the pupil provided by the eye tracker. The invention will be better understood and other advantages will become apparent on reading the following description given by way of non-limiting example and with reference to the appended figures, in which: FIG. 1 represents a light guide with semireflecting blades according to the prior art ; FIG. 2 represents the optical guide of a display system according to the invention; FIG. 3 represents the operation of an optical guide of a display system according to the invention. By way of non-limiting example, the block diagram of a head display system according to the invention is shown in FIG. 2. It essentially comprises: a graphic image generator 100 connected to the avionics system in the case of aeronautical applications; a high resolution micro-display 110 connected to the graphic generator. Typically, the dimensions of the image do not exceed a few millimeters; a collimation optics 120 which forms the image of the display an image at infinity; an optical guide 200 according to the invention comprising a plurality of semi-reflective strips with programmable reflectivity. The waveguide 20 sends the collimated image to the eye Y of the observer; an eye-tracking system comprising a camera 310 arranged to capture the pupil of the eye Y of the observer and means 320 for analyzing the images of this pupil; electronic means 400 for controlling the reflectivity of the different semi-reflecting plates according to the information from the eye-tracking system. The optical guide 200 according to the invention can take different forms. In the case of Figure 2, it has two image conductors 210 and 220. The first guide 210 widens the pupil in a first direction, the second guide 220 widens the pupil in the perpendicular direction. Both guides have a common face. Each guide has the outer shape of a blade with flat and parallel faces. These different faces are referenced 211, 212, 221 and 222 in Figure 2. Thus, the optical guide 35 does not introduce distortion of the landscape when looking through.
    [0004] Typically, the optical guide has a thickness of a few millimeters and an area of a few square centimeters. Each guide comprises a plurality of planar blades 213 and 223 internal, plane, parallel to each other, inclined with respect to a plane and equidistant. In the case of Figure 2, the plane of the first guide is the plane (0, y, z) and the plane of the second guide is the plane (O, x, y). The reflection coefficient of each blade is controllable as indicated by the arrows 410 from the electronic means 400. There are various techniques for obtaining this effect. For example, for a variable reflective film, the reflection coefficient of the film varies substantially between 0% and 100% depending on an applied voltage. The material used is a liquid crystal. The oculometers operate according to the following principle. The eye pupil of an observer is illuminated by means of one or more light sources, generally emitting in the near infrared. A camera forms an image of this pupil on a sensor. The image from the sensor is analyzed by image analysis means so as to detect the position and orientation of the pupil. This determines the direction of the gaze. There are different possible arrangements of the eye tracker. The application US 2013/0207887 entitled "Heads-Up Displays including Eye Tracking" is an example of integration of the optical parts of an eye tracker to a head display system. Knowing the position and orientation of the observer's eye pupil, useful semi-reflective slides are then determined which send the collimated image in that position and orientation. The electronic control means 400 adjust the reflectivity of the different semi-reflective plates of the optical guide so that the blades useful for transporting the image to the eye are semi-reflective, the other blades being transparent. This reduces the losses due to reflections on the different blades that have no contribution to the vision of the image.
    [0005] The operation of the system is illustrated in FIG. 3. This figure represents only the optical guide 200 of the preceding figure. The path of the light rays from the display is symbolized by a broken arrow 500. By making reflective only useful semi5 reflective blades which are shown in dashed lines in Figure 3, we see that the light ray is reflected only by two semireflecting blades 214 and 224, the other semi-reflecting blades being transparent. In FIG. 3, the control of the transparent blades provided by the electronic means 400 is symbolized by "OFF" and that of the semi-reflective blades by "ON". The control of the reflection coefficient of the semireflecting blades may have other applications than optimizing the luminance of the image coming from the display. Thus, when the display is not functional and when the external luminance is low, the reflection coefficients of the blades may all be close to zero so as to optimize the transmission of the external landscape. In the same way, when the display is not functional and the external luminance is strong, the reflection coefficients of the blades can be raised so as to attenuate the transmission of the external landscape. In general, it is possible to optimize the contrast of the collimated image on the outside by acting on the reflection coefficients of the different semi-reflecting strips. It is also possible to reduce the luminance of the display while maintaining a good level of contrast of the projected images. This reduces the size of the lighting, its power consumption, heat dissipation, ... The eye tracker gives the position of the gaze. It is then possible to adapt the projected image according to this position. For example, for aeronautical applications, the image is different depending on whether the pilot 30 looks outside or on the contrary looks at the instruments of his dashboard.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [0001]
    REVENDICATIONS1. A head display system comprising at least one display (110) and an optical guide (200) having a first image conductor (210) having a plurality of first internal semireflecting blades (213) inclined with respect to a first plane, characterized in that the head display system comprises: - an oculometer (310, 320) adapted to detect the position of the eye pupil (Y) of an observer; at least one of said first reflective plates (213) comprising a programmable reflectivity treatment, said reflectivity depending on the position and / or the orientation of the eye pupil detected by the oculometer (310, 320), to reflect the image of the display (110) to said pupil and only to it.
    [0002]
    A head display system according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical guide (200) comprises a second image conductor (220) having a plurality of second internal semireflecting blades (223), inclined with respect to a second plane perpendicular to the foreground, at least one of said second blades having a programmable reflectivity treatment, said reflectivity depending on the position and / or the orientation of the eye pupil detected by the eye tracker, so as to reflect the image of the display to said pupil and only to it.
    [0003]
    3. Head display system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first semireflecting blades (213) are flat and parallel to each other and / or the second semi-reflecting blades (223) are flat and parallel between they.
    [0004]
    4. A head display system according to claim 3, characterized in that each optical guide (200) has the outer shape of a plate with faces (211, 212, 221, 222) plane and parallel. . Head display system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the absence of images transmitted by the imager, the reflectivity of the blades comprising a programmable reflectivity treatment depends on the luminance of the external landscape. The head display system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the image provided by the display depends on the position and / or orientation information of the pupil provided by the oculometer.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20150323790A1|2015-11-12|
    FR3020880B1|2016-05-27|
    US9952428B2|2018-04-24|
    EP2942657B1|2021-11-24|
    EP2942657A1|2015-11-11|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20130250431A1|2012-03-21|2013-09-26|Steve Robbins|Two-dimensional exit-pupil expansion|
    WO2013164665A1|2012-05-03|2013-11-07|Nokia Corporation|Image providing apparatus, method and computer program|
    US5483307A|1994-09-29|1996-01-09|Texas Instruments, Inc.|Wide field of view head-mounted display|
    JP2000013818A|1998-06-23|2000-01-14|Nec Corp|Stereoscopic display device and stereoscopic display method|
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    CN101076747B|2004-12-13|2012-07-04|诺基亚公司|System and method for beam expansion with near focus in display device|
    US20100149073A1|2008-11-02|2010-06-17|David Chaum|Near to Eye Display System and Appliance|
    JP2011039490A|2009-07-17|2011-02-24|Sony Corp|Image display device, head-mounted display, and light beam extending device|
    US9001030B2|2012-02-15|2015-04-07|Google Inc.|Heads up display|
    FR2999311B1|2012-12-12|2015-01-09|Thales Sa|VISUALIZATION SYSTEM COMPRISING AN ADAPTIVE SEMI-TRANSPARENT VISUALIZATION DEVICE AND MEANS FOR DETECTION OF THE LANDSCAPE CONSIDERED BY THE USER|
    FR2999301B1|2012-12-12|2015-01-09|Thales Sa|OPTICAL GUIDE OF COLLIMATE IMAGES WITH OPTICAL BEAM DEDOLDER AND OPTICAL DEVICE THEREFOR|
    US9223139B2|2013-02-15|2015-12-29|Google Inc.|Cascading optics in optical combiners of head mounted displays|
    JP6269000B2|2013-12-06|2018-01-31|コニカミノルタ株式会社|Liquid developer|US10409066B2|2017-01-19|2019-09-10|Coretronic Corporation|Head-mounted display device with waveguide elements|
    CN108873326A|2017-05-16|2018-11-23|中强光电股份有限公司|Head-mounted display apparatus|
    CN109946907A|2017-12-20|2019-06-28|中强光电股份有限公司|Projection arrangement|
    AU2020300121A1|2019-07-04|2022-02-03|Lumus Ltd.|Image waveguide with symmetric beam multiplication|
    法律状态:
    2015-05-08| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2015-11-13| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20151113 |
    2016-04-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2017-04-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2018-05-01| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2019-04-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2020-05-05| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    2021-04-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 8 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1401047A|FR3020880B1|2014-05-09|2014-05-09|VISUAL HEAD COMPRISING AN OPTICAL MIXER WITH EXPANSION OF PUPIL PILOTABLE|FR1401047A| FR3020880B1|2014-05-09|2014-05-09|VISUAL HEAD COMPRISING AN OPTICAL MIXER WITH EXPANSION OF PUPIL PILOTABLE|
    EP15166318.4A| EP2942657B1|2014-05-09|2015-05-05|Head display device comprising an optical mixer with controllable pupil expansion|
    US14/708,152| US9952428B2|2014-05-09|2015-05-08|Heads-up display comprising an optical mixer with controllable pupil expansion|
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